progressive movement

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During the 100’s, many middle class people across the U.S. set out to make society a better place. These people were called reformers. They would take the daily problems many people across America faced, and try to fix them. These reform efforts were political, economical, and social. The reforms sought to return the government control back to the people, and correct problems with American life. These many reforms all together were called the progressive movement. During the progressive movement, although all the reforms were for different causes, each reform contained at least one of these goals protecting social welfare, promoting moral improvement, creating economic reform, and fostering efficiency.


Promoting moral reform was what some reformers thought was important in helping to shape America. These reformers would help to improve the lives of poor people. They would try to improve their personal behavior, by thinking of things that would make their lives better. Prohibition was one program, which they tried to improve their personal behavior with. One group, which would fall into the category of moral reformers, was the Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU). Although the WCTU did a variety of things to help out in society, such as fighting for women’s suffrage, visiting people in prisons and asylums, and opening kindergartens for immigrants, they concentrated mainly on prohibition. They actively fought against alcohol by going into saloons and singing, praying, and trying to influence saloon owners to stop the sale of alcohol. The WCTU had been growing with the amount of members, and by 111 the number reached 45,000 being the largest women’s group in nations history. One other of the most important efforts of reform was the women’s right to vote. This is something that the WCTU actively participated in. When the WCTU showed how much women could do with larger public roles, they used that to show that women should be equal and have the right to vote, the way men do. Not only members of the WCTU fought for suffrage, but many other women in the country as well, and they would not give up until they gained it. Susan Anthony once said, “until woman has obtained ‘the right protective of all other rights- the ballot,’ this agitation must still go on, absorbing the time and energy of our best and strongest women” (Susan B. Anthony, 1). I believe that the fight for women’s suffrage was the most important moral reform, because without the women fighting for it back in the 100’s, women still might not be able to vote today. I think that is more important over prohibition, because when prohibition finally got banned people only smuggled the alcohol into the U.S, which caused more problems. Today alcohol is not banned in the U.S, and I feel that in that time period prohibition was not as necessary or successful as suffrage was.


Fostering efficiency was another reform category. The reformers in this category made efforts to increase the efficiency of things in the workplace. Applying scientific principles to make tasks at the workplace simpler, faster and easier. This would increase the amount of goods made, and the workers would be more productive. A big reform step in the workplace was the assembly line that the ford motor company tried in 11. These assembly lines were hard work for the employees, but the production greatly increased. In response to the complaints from the workers, Ford increased the wage to $5 a day, and cut the workday down to eight hours instead of ten hours per day. This was very important to the workers at that time. In The Jungle, by Upton Sinclair he describes the amazement of the assembly line and how much more efficient it was then doing a task single handedly. “Jurgis went down the line with the rest of the visitors, staring openmouthed, lost in wonder, He had dressed hogs himself…but he had never expected to see one hog dressed be several hundred men”(The Jungle, 14). I feel that the assembly line was by far the most significant reform in the workplace, it is still used many places today.


Some progressive reformers supported protecting social welfare. Social welfare reformers were concerned with helping out and giving social services to the urban poor group of people. Two social welfare reform groups, which started in that time, were the YMCA, and the Salvation Army. . Settlement houses also played a role in influencing the women reformers. Settlement houses offered help to the poor as well, but especially immigrants. One social woman reformer was Florence Kelley. Florence Kelley was a very important person in helping to pass the Illinois Factory Act in 18. This law controlled child labor, and minimized women’s work hours to ten-hours per day, this soon became enforced in other states, not just Illinois. The child labor law was very important at that time because many young boys were being put to work in horrible places such as the coalmines. The coal mines were very dangerous especially to young kids who didn’t; know much about what they were doing, which are the exact people who were working there. “As it is not heavy and does not require skill, young boys or the older men are employed”(Child labor in the coal mines, 10). These boys would be constantly getting hurt, and often times killed at the coal mines. One man working at the coal mines stated, “if you don’t die, you end up in the breakers”(Child labor in the coal mines, 10). The breakers being the machinery that tore of segments of your body. This was obviously not a place fit for young boys to be working at all day. Although the Illinois Factory Act was a very key reform in protecting social welfare, I feel that the most significant was the variety of organizations that helped poor people such as the Salvation Army or the YMCA. The Salvation Army fed hungry people, and looked after children in nurseries. The YMCA also did various things to help out the community. They opened libraries, sponsored classes, and built swimming pools and hardball courts. I feel that organizations like these were successful, and very helpful. Without them there would be many homeless people with no places to go for comfort, or many people might have even starved without placed like the Salvation Army. They must have worked back then because now, you can still find places like this across the country.





Each of these reforms in the 100’s played a key role in the progressive movement. This was a great time in our history, because so many things in were being changed in the U.S. for the better. People didn’t just stand by and let the government make all the decisions, but they spoke the opinions that they though would make a better nation, and fought for them as well. I feel that each reform was significant at the time, and also reflects how we live today. If some of the reforms were not made we could be living in a different country at this time.





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