The Christian Middle Ages

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The Christian Middle Ages


17


God’s Consul





Coming into the Early Middle Ages of 50-1517 we already know a little bit about two important missionary’s that greatly influenced the Christian Church. One of those was Ulfilas or Wulfila. In the year of 5 Elias was sent across the Danube to work with the people who were Visigoths, to convert them to Christians and put their faith in Christ. To help them better understand the Bible he translated it into the Gothic language, but because they were already a war-like society he did not translate the Book of Kings. We will learn more about him later in our reading.


The most famous British missionary’s of the ages was Winfred, a.k.a. Boniface. In 7 Pope Gregory II commissioned him to the task of evangelizing in Germany. He successfully brought the British and Irish missionary’s, monks and their converts into closer relations with the Bishop of Rome.


In the beginning he chops down a sacred tree to see if he would be burned to death by fire from heaven while multitudes watched. Through faith and organization he used his power and influence to leave behind him a church structure bound firmly to the central authority in Rome, and became the Arch Bishop of Mainz.


Winfred traveled back to the Pagan Field in Frisk (the Netherlands) where he had failed earlier. There he sealed his faith with martyrdom. At that time a young 1 year old Frankish Prince Charles, enters for a moment and we are told he will be the future Emperor Charlemagne an architect of the New-Christians in Europe.


When the barbarians destroyed the Roman Empire, the Christian Church put together a new order called Europe. It began under Charlemagne in the eighth century, and took the lead roll in rules by law, knowledge, and culture. The underlining concept that unites empire and the church now is called the Christendom.


Slowly Pope Innocent assumed more power and was soon teaching Europe to think of the Pope as the world rulers, but later centuries see how corrupted the Popes were with power and they have a cry-out for change.


In 50 A.D. An unknown plague hit Rome and Rome became a desert. The Pope was Pilaguis II, he died from the plague and for six months there wasn’t anyone to rule in St. Peters basilica. The church leaders wanted to elect a monk named Gregory to rule but refused and ran, but on September 50 he was consecrated in Constantinople as St. Peters successor.


The plague continued to spread through the city, but after many prayers were said and hymns were sang the plague finally subsided. Europe today is the result of the devastation and ruins of Rome. Christianity is finally what brought sconce, order, and life back to Europe and subdued the chaos.


The church relied on the Celtic and the Benedictine monks to bring about the conversion of the barbarians to the Christian faith. Using the tools provided by the Papal office they made a new way of life for Christians. The Papal office provided structure and the ideas of Augustine’s theory (heretic writer from the second century) to set forth a framework for the spiritual meaning of the church.


No one except for Gregory could comprehend and apply those ideas. Gregory beloved and stressed in his book Pastoral Care not to focus to much on the external cares and forget the inner life of the soul, nor should the church focus on the inner life of the soul and forget the external cares. He wrote of the Lords Prayer on the mountain and works in the city. Encouraging pastors to go out and interact with the people in the city.


Gregory died in 604 but after thirty-six years of prayers and miracles he was referred to as “God’s Consul”. He was the only one who totally gave himself to Gods will while ruling the Church and the world at the same time. “Gregory the Great” was one of the titles that were being applied to him after his death. His name was also associated with some of the best known Latin Fathers of the Catholic Church. In all actuality because of Gregory’s greatness he is the best person to represent the people of the Middle Ages.


During his childhood he saw Rome change hands many times. There was a brief period of peace after the Virgoth rule and the destruction of Italy in the year 554 before the savage Lombard’s began to burn the churches, kill bishops, rob monasteries and lose there ability to produce cultured fields. The City of Caesars had turned into the City of the Popes.


At the age of thirty-three in 57 he was the Perfect (the mayor) and was in control of all of economy. A few years later Gregory broke away from the world and made several monastery. He made his father’s palace one (it became known as St. Andrews), and later in 57 he was made one of the seven deacons of the Roman church. In 585 was appointed the Abbot of St. Andrews.


After Gregory was elected he and several other men of importance were concerned with the chaos Western Europe was in due to the Lombard’s siege on Rome. They thought that the end of the world was coming.


Even though Gregory looked at his position as a punishment he believed so much in his principles that even from his bed where he suffered from poor health gave of himself to end the chaos. He writes several letters that reflects the pain he suffered and his wishes to die.


While Gregory was in control the Church which owned 1,800 square miles of land was the richest landowner in Italy. When the Lombard invaded central Italy the officials of what the land was called “patrimony” had to feed the population of people to collect the taxes just like the imperial officers did before the Lombard’s invaded.


Gregory appointed a military governor and arranged peace with two of the Lombard’s leaders, because of the actions of this time period the Pope became the important political representative. The patriarch of Constianpole referred to patriarchs as the “universal bishop.” This caused Gregory to become angry because he thought that giving titles was foolish and anyone who used such titles were like Lucifer.


Even when he himself was referred to as the “universal bishop” he refuted the title, but at the same time he was a very proud man whose desire was to rid the world of evil. It was his own pride that helped him see the pride in others and the ugliness he thought titles show. While being on the Papal Throne he still lived the lifestyle of a monk. It was a rumored that Gregory had met three young boys before he had become a Pope. He had come to want to learn more about them and referred to them as angles from heaven. He prayed for their homeland Dira that provides us with the link between the early Church and the Anglo-Americans Christians.


Gregory’s faith in the Orthodoxy made no view influences on the Church but did formulate a common belief that passed down to Catholic Church. This was conceded the Sacred Mass. He believed that Adams sin caused man to be weakened in Gods eyes and the only way to redeem yourself was through you good works. He also believed that through baptism mans sins are freely forgiven, but after baptism if a man sins and does not repent he would have to answer for those sins in purgatory.


He thought that with the help of the Saints and their relics that Christians would be protected from harm while in their guilt and attempts at not sinning. There was his belief in the Holy Eucharist. He believed that feeding of the body the blood of Christ would help to strengthen their spiritual lives, so by eating brad and drinking wine someone could again be forgiving for their sins.


After the death of one of Gregory’s friend he tells the story of how his friend he tells the story of how his friend was punished and at ease with his death. So he instructed the prior to offer the sacrifice for 0 days and with his brother becoming well on the same day he was convinced that his brother who had died was free from Gods punishments


Gregory’s doctrine has helped to create what was called the Western Church the attitude of the Church in the Middle Ages.





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